Sale!
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERIZED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERIZED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Original price was: ₦4,000.00.Current price is: ₦3,500.00.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A hospital is an institution for health care that provides patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Usually hospitals are funded by the public sector, by health organization (for profit or nonprofit.), health insurance companies or charities, including funds by direct charitable donations. Historically, however, hospitals were often founded and funded by religious orders or charitable individuals and leaders. Modern-day hospitals are largely staffed by physicians, surgeons, and nurses.

Hospitals are distinguished by their ownership, scope of services, and whether they are teaching hospitals with academic affiliations. Hospitals may be operated as proprietary(for-profit) businesses, owned either by corporations or individuals such as the physicians or they may be voluntary-owned by non-profit corporations are usually governed by a board of Trustee, selected from among community business and civic leaders, who serve without pay to oversee hospital operations.

  • COMMUNITY HOSPITALS

Most community hospital offers emergency services as well as a range of inpatient and outpatient medical and surgical services. Community hospitals, where most people receive care, are typically small, with fifty to five hundred beds. These hospitals normally provide quality care for routine medical and surgical problems.

Some community hospitals are nonprofit corporations, supported by local funding. These include hospitals supported by religious, cooperative, or osteopathic organization. In the 1990s, increasing numbers for not-for-profit community hospitals have converted their ownership status, becoming proprietary hospitals that are owned and operated on a for-profit basis by corporations. These hospitals have joined investor-owned corporations because they need additional financial resources to maintain their existence in an increasingly competitive industry. Investor-owned corporations acquire not for profit hospitals to build market share, expand their provider networks, and penetrate new health care markets.

 

1.1.2 TEACHING HOSPITALS

Teaching hospitals are those community and tertiary hospitals affiliated with medical school, nursing schools, or allied-health professions training programs. Teaching hospital are the primary sites for training new physicians where interns and residents work under the supervision of experienced physicians. Non-teaching hospitals also may maintain affiliations with medical schools and some also serves as sites for nursing and allied-health professions students as well as physicians-in-training.

Most teaching hospitals, which provide clinical training for medical students and other health care professionals, are affiliated with a medical school and may have several hundred beds. Many of the physicians on staff at the hospital also hold teaching positions at the university affiliated with the hospital, in addition to teaching physicians-in-training at the bedside of the patients. Patient in teaching hospitals understands that they may be examined by medical students and residence in addition to their primary “attending” physicians.

One advantage of obtaining care at a university-affiliated teaching hospital is the opportunity to receive treatment from highly qualified physicians with access to the most advanced technology and equipment. A disadvantage is the inconvenience and invasion of privacy that may result from multiple examinations performed by residents and students. When compared with similar community hospitals, some teaching hospitals have reputations for bring very impersonal; however, patients with complex, unusual, or difficult diagnosis usually benefits from the presence of acknowledged medical experts and more comprehensive resources available at these facilities. A teaching hospital combines assistance to patients with teaching to medical students and nurses and often is linked to a medical school, nursing school or university.

1.1.3 PUBLIC HOSPITAL

Public hospitals are owned and operated by federal, state, or city governments. Many have a continuing tradition of caring for the poor. They are usually located in the inner cities and are often in precarious financial situations because many of their patients are unstable to pay for services. The federal government matches the states’ contribution to provide a certain minimal level of available coverage, and the states may offer additional services at their own expenses.

1.1.4 GENERAL HOAPITAL

This is the best type of  hospital, it is set up to deal with many kinds of diseases and injuries, and normally has an emergency department to deal with immediate and urgent threats to health.

1.1.5 DISTRICT HOSPITAL

This is the major healthcare facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care; and specialized facilities for surgery, plastic surgery, childbirth, and bioassay laboratories.

1.1.6 SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL

This is a special kind of hospital meant for a particular case like trauma centers, rehabilitation hospitals, children’s hospitals, seniors’(geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems, certain diseases categories such as cardiac, intensive care unit, neurology, cancer center, and obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, or orthopedic problems.

1.1.7 CLINICS

A medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic, and often is run by a government agency for health services or a private partnership of physicians ( in nations where private practice is allowed.) clinics generally provide only outpatients services.

A hospital is a place where patients visit to for medical check- up or diagnosis and treatment. Hospital provides facilities like:-

  1. Consultation and diagnosis of diseases by doctors.
  2. Provision of treatment facilities.
  3. Facility for admitting patients (providing beds, nursing, medicines etc.).
  4. Immunization of patients/children.

Various operational works done in a hospital; all the works are done manually using papers are as follows:

  1. Recording information about the patients that visit a hospital for treatment.
  2. Generating bills.
  3. Recording information related to diagnosis given to patients.
  4. Keeping record of the immunization provided to children/ patients.
  5. Keeping information about various diseases and medicines available to cure them.

These are various jobs that are done in a hospital by the operational staff and doctors; information about patients is recorded manually by just writing the patients name, age and gender. Whenever the patient visit, his information is stored again;

  1. Bills are generated by recording the price for each service provided to patient on a separate sheet and at last they all are summed up.
  2. Diagnosis information to patients is generally recorded on the document, which contains patient information. It is destroyed after some time to decrease the paper load in the office.
  3. Immunization records of children are maintained in pre-formatted sheets, which are kept in a file.
  4. Information about various diseases is not kept as any document.

Doctors themselves do this job by remembering various medicines. All this work is done manually by the receptionist and other operational staff and lots of papers are needed to be handled and taken care of. Doctors have to remember various medicines available for diagnosis and sometimes miss better alternatives as they can’t remember them all at that time.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

  1. Lack of immediate retrievals:-The information is very difficult to retrieve and to find particular information e.g. – to find out about the patient’s history, the user has to go through various registers. This results in inconvenience and waste of time.
  2. Lack of immediate information storage:-The information generated by various transactions takes time and efforts to store them.
  3. Error prone manual calculation:- Manual calculations are error prone and takes a lot of time, this may result in incorrect information. For example, calculation of patient’s bill based on various treatments.
  4. Preparation of accurate and prompt reports:- This becomes a difficult task as business intelligence is difficult, this is due to lack of information collation (ability to put information together and analyze them).
  5. Lack of prompt updating:-Various changes to information like patient details or immunization details of child are difficult to make as paper work is involved.

1.3OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this project is to design an automated system for controlling the flow of patient’s data in the hospital. The aim is to solve most of the problems encountered in the hospital using the old and manual system of medical administration.

In the manual system, almost all the patient folders in the records have to be accessed by the staff for everyday folder request. The integrity and the security of the data in database system are considered here from the point of view of freedom from risk. The risks are those events that threaten the data; threaten to destroy or corrupt it to prevent its use, threaten to access it illicitly or to steal it. The objectives of the project include:

  1. Maintaining patients details (name, age, gender and address etc.).
  2. Providing prescription, precautions and diet advices.
  3. Providing and maintaining all kind of test for patients.
  4. Enhanced data security so that the hospital data and information are stored centrally in a secure fall safe database that has a secondary back-up database.
  5. Doctor search is possible.
  6. Billing and proper generation.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The need for an automated Hospital Management System can be summarized as follows:-

  1. Accuracy:-The level of accuracy in the proposed automated system will be higher. All operations would be done correctly and accurately. In practice, errors are not completely eliminated, they are reduced.
  2. Reliability:-The reliability of the proposed system will be high as information is stored properly and securely.
  3. No Redundancy:- In the proposed system utmost care would be taken to ensure that no information is repeated anywhere, in storage. This would assure economic use of storage space and consistency in the data stored.
  4. Planned approach towards working:- The activities in the organization will be well planned and organized. The data will be stored properly in data stores, which will help in retrieval of information and in enforcing security.
  5. Immediate retrieval of information:- The main objective of the proposed system is to provide for a quick and efficient retrieval of information. Any type of information would be available whenever users require them.
  6. Immediate storage of information:-In manual system, lots of problems are encountered in trying to store large amount of information.
  7. Easy to operate:- The system should be easy to operate and should be such that it can be developed within a short period of time and fit the limited budget of the user.

1.6 THE SCOPE OF STUDY

It can be used in any Hospital ,Clinic, Dispensary,       or Pathology labs for maintaining patient details and their test results. The hospital management system is capable of supporting any number of staff of the hospital and each module of the package runs independently without affecting other modules. This means that all the departments of the hospital work independently.

SERVER EDITION (SE):This edition is Microsoft window based automated hospital management system server that will be running on the oracle database.

CLIENT EDITION (CE): This edition is a Microsoft window based hospital management system client, which must be developed and pre- installed in each of the client computer in the hospital before use. It provides the form to be used.

INTRANET EDITION (WE): This edition is a web-based client and multi-platform system. It requires no modular installation and sits in any computer architecture.

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

GERIATICS: Is a specialty that focuses on the health care of elderly people. It aims to promote health by preventing and treating diseases and disabilities in older adult.

OUTPATIENTS: A person who receives medical treatment without being admitted to a hospital.

IMMUNIZATION: A process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine.

VACCINE: Vaccines stimulate the body’s own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infections or diseases.

COLLATION: Collection and ordering of materials, usually paper. It can be a tedious and repetitive work.

DISENSARY:A room where medicines are prepared and provided.

PATHOLOGY LABS:This is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of diseases based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids such as blood and urines.

MODULAR:Each set of standardized parts or independent unit that can be used to construct a more complex structure.

ORACLE DATABASE: This is a relational database management system (RDBMS). This is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose to database is to store and retrieve related information.

AFFILIATION: To bring into close association or connection.

BIOASSAY LABORATIES: Measurement of the concentration or potency of a substance by its effect on living cells or tissue.

NEUROLOGY: The branch of medicine or biology that deals with the anatomy, functions, and organic disorder of nerves and the nervous system.

OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY: OB is short for obstetrics or for an obstetrician, a physician who delivers babies. GYN is short for gynecology or for a gynecologist, a physician who specializes in treating diseases of the female reproductive organs.

ONCOLOGY: The study and treatment of tumors.

ORTHOPEDIC: The branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.

Category: Tag:

ABSTRACT of Design and Implementation of a Computerized Hospital Management System

Every cooperate organization, institution or government agency requires data and good quality information to function effectively. It is not an over statement to say that many organizations, institution or government agencies have become critically dependent on the use of database system for their successes especially in the hospital. Data collected from various sources for example telephone, fax, verbal messages, mails etc. are used in decision making, planning and control of operations in management of clients, personnel and resources. This project therefore aims at developing an improved hospital management system using a function- oriented design. The poor efficiency of the present manual management system in the hospitals today results from the inordinate length of time it takes to search for and locate patient folders and the ineffective filling system adopted. In this project the oracle database is the database server where the data is sent to and retrieved from while active server pages (.net programming language) is the client which provides the user interface design and the forms used by the doctors, staffs and nurses during administration in the office, laboratory, wards, pharmacy, x-ray etc.

 

CLICK HERE TO GET MORE RELATED PRODUCTS

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A hospital is an institution for health care that provides patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Usually hospitals are funded by the public sector, by health organization (for profit or nonprofit.), health insurance companies or charities, including funds by direct charitable donations. Historically, however, hospitals were often founded and funded by religious orders or charitable individuals and leaders. Modern-day hospitals are largely staffed by physicians, surgeons, and nurses.

Hospitals are distinguished by their ownership, scope of services, and whether they are teaching hospitals with academic affiliations. Hospitals may be operated as proprietary(for-profit) businesses, owned either by corporations or individuals such as the physicians or they may be voluntary-owned by non-profit corporations are usually governed by a board of Trustee, selected from among community business and civic leaders, who serve without pay to oversee hospital operations.

  • COMMUNITY HOSPITALS

Most community hospital offers emergency services as well as a range of inpatient and outpatient medical and surgical services. Community hospitals, where most people receive care, are typically small, with fifty to five hundred beds. These hospitals normally provide quality care for routine medical and surgical problems.

Some community hospitals are nonprofit corporations, supported by local funding. These include hospitals supported by religious, cooperative, or osteopathic organization. In the 1990s, increasing numbers for not-for-profit community hospitals have converted their ownership status, becoming proprietary hospitals that are owned and operated on a for-profit basis by corporations. These hospitals have joined investor-owned corporations because they need additional financial resources to maintain their existence in an increasingly competitive industry. Investor-owned corporations acquire not for profit hospitals to build market share, expand their provider networks, and penetrate new health care markets.

 

1.1.2 TEACHING HOSPITALS

Teaching hospitals are those community and tertiary hospitals affiliated with medical school, nursing schools, or allied-health professions training programs. Teaching hospital are the primary sites for training new physicians where interns and residents work under the supervision of experienced physicians. Non-teaching hospitals also may maintain affiliations with medical schools and some also serves as sites for nursing and allied-health professions students as well as physicians-in-training.

Most teaching hospitals, which provide clinical training for medical students and other health care professionals, are affiliated with a medical school and may have several hundred beds. Many of the physicians on staff at the hospital also hold teaching positions at the university affiliated with the hospital, in addition to teaching physicians-in-training at the bedside of the patients. Patient in teaching hospitals understands that they may be examined by medical students and residence in addition to their primary “attending” physicians.

One advantage of obtaining care at a university-affiliated teaching hospital is the opportunity to receive treatment from highly qualified physicians with access to the most advanced technology and equipment. A disadvantage is the inconvenience and invasion of privacy that may result from multiple examinations performed by residents and students. When compared with similar community hospitals, some teaching hospitals have reputations for bring very impersonal; however, patients with complex, unusual, or difficult diagnosis usually benefits from the presence of acknowledged medical experts and more comprehensive resources available at these facilities. A teaching hospital combines assistance to patients with teaching to medical students and nurses and often is linked to a medical school, nursing school or university.

1.1.3 PUBLIC HOSPITAL

Public hospitals are owned and operated by federal, state, or city governments. Many have a continuing tradition of caring for the poor. They are usually located in the inner cities and are often in precarious financial situations because many of their patients are unstable to pay for services. The federal government matches the states’ contribution to provide a certain minimal level of available coverage, and the states may offer additional services at their own expenses.

1.1.4 GENERAL HOSPITAL

This is the best type of  hospital, it is set up to deal with many kinds of diseases and injuries, and normally has an emergency department to deal with immediate and urgent threats to health.

1.1.5 DISTRICT HOSPITAL

This is the major healthcare facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive care and long-term care; and specialized facilities for surgery, plastic surgery, childbirth, and bioassay laboratories.

1.1.6 SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL

This is a special kind of hospital meant for a particular case like trauma centers, rehabilitation hospitals, children’s hospitals, seniors’(geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric problems, certain diseases categories such as cardiac, intensive care unit, neurology, cancer center, and obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, or orthopedic problems.

1.1.7 CLINICS

A medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic, and often is run by a government agency for health services or a private partnership of physicians ( in nations where private practice is allowed.) clinics generally provide only outpatients services.

A hospital is a place where patients visit to for medical check- up or diagnosis and treatment. Hospital provides facilities like:-

  1. Consultation and diagnosis of diseases by doctors.
  2. Provision of treatment facilities.
  3. Facility for admitting patients (providing beds, nursing, medicines etc.).
  4. Immunization of patients/children.

Various operational works done in a hospital; all the works are done manually using papers are as follows:

  1. Recording information about the patients that visit a hospital for treatment.
  2. Generating bills.
  3. Recording information related to diagnosis given to patients.
  4. Keeping record of the immunization provided to children/ patients.
  5. Keeping information about various diseases and medicines available to cure them.

These are various jobs that are done in a hospital by the operational staff and doctors; information about patients is recorded manually by just writing the patients name, age and gender. Whenever the patient visit, his information is stored again;

  1. Bills are generated by recording the price for each service provided to patient on a separate sheet and at last they all are summed up.
  2. Diagnosis information to patients is generally recorded on the document, which contains patient information. It is destroyed after some time to decrease the paper load in the office.
  3. Immunization records of children are maintained in pre-formatted sheets, which are kept in a file.
  4. Information about various diseases is not kept as any document.

Doctors themselves do this job by remembering various medicines. All this work is done manually by the receptionist and other operational staff and lots of papers are needed to be handled and taken care of. Doctors have to remember various medicines available for diagnosis and sometimes miss better alternatives as they can’t remember them all at that time.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

  1. Lack of immediate retrievals:-The information is very difficult to retrieve and to find particular information e.g. – to find out about the patient’s history, the user has to go through various registers. This results in inconvenience and waste of time.
  2. Lack of immediate information storage:-The information generated by various transactions takes time and efforts to store them.
  3. Error prone manual calculation:- Manual calculations are error prone and takes a lot of time, this may result in incorrect information. For example, calculation of patient’s bill based on various treatments.
  4. Preparation of accurate and prompt reports:- This becomes a difficult task as business intelligence is difficult, this is due to lack of information collation (ability to put information together and analyze them).
  5. Lack of prompt updating:-Various changes to information like patient details or immunization details of child are difficult to make as paper work is involved.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this project is to design an automated hospital management system for controlling the flow of patient’s data in the hospital. The aim is to solve most of the problems encountered in the hospital using the old and manual system of medical administration.

In the manual system, almost all the patient folders in the records have to be accessed by the staff for everyday folder request. The integrity and the security of the data in database system are considered here from the point of view of freedom from risk. The risks are those events that threaten the data; threaten to destroy or corrupt it to prevent its use, threaten to access it illicitly or to steal it. The objectives of the project include:

  1. Maintaining patients details (name, age, gender and address etc.).
  2. Providing prescription, precautions and diet advices.
  3. Providing and maintaining all kind of test for patients.
  4. Enhanced data security so that the hospital data and information are stored centrally in a secure fall safe database that has a secondary back-up database.
  5. Doctor search is possible.
  6. Billing and proper generation.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The need for an automated Hospital Management System can be summarized as follows:-

  1. Accuracy:-The level of accuracy in the proposed automated system will be higher. All operations would be done correctly and accurately. In practice, errors are not completely eliminated, they are reduced.
  2. Reliability:-The reliability of the proposed system will be high as information is stored properly and securely.
  3. No Redundancy:- In the proposed system utmost care would be taken to ensure that no information is repeated anywhere, in storage. This would assure economic use of storage space and consistency in the data stored.
  4. Planned approach towards working:- The activities in the organization will be well planned and organized. The data will be stored properly in data stores, which will help in retrieval of information and in enforcing security.
  5. Immediate retrieval of information:- The main objective of the proposed system is to provide for a quick and efficient retrieval of information. Any type of information would be available whenever users require them.
  6. Immediate storage of information:-In manual system, lots of problems are encountered in trying to store large amount of information.
  7. Easy to operate:- The system should be easy to operate and should be such that it can be developed within a short period of time and fit the limited budget of the user.

1.6 THE SCOPE OF STUDY

It can be used in any Hospital ,Clinic, Dispensary, or Pathology labs for maintaining patient details and their test results. The hospital management system is capable of supporting any number of staff of the hospital and each module of the package runs independently without affecting other modules. This means that all the departments of the hospital work independently.

SERVER EDITION (SE):This edition is Microsoft window based automated hospital management system server that will be running on the oracle database.

CLIENT EDITION (CE): This edition is a Microsoft window based hospital management system client, which must be developed and pre- installed in each of the client computer in the hospital before use. It provides the form to be used.

INTRANET EDITION (WE): This edition is a web-based client and multi-platform system. It requires no modular installation and sits in any computer architecture.

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

GERIATICS: Is a specialty that focuses on the health care of elderly people. It aims to promote health by preventing and treating diseases and disabilities in older adult.

OUTPATIENTS: A person who receives medical treatment without being admitted to a hospital.

IMMUNIZATION: A process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine.

VACCINE: Vaccines stimulate the body’s own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infections or diseases.

COLLATION: Collection and ordering of materials, usually paper. It can be a tedious and repetitive work.

DISENSARY:A room where medicines are prepared and provided.

PATHOLOGY LABS:This is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of diseases based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids such as blood and urines.

MODULAR:Each set of standardized parts or independent unit that can be used to construct a more complex structure.

ORACLE DATABASE: This is a relational database management system (RDBMS). This is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose to database is to store and retrieve related information.

AFFILIATION: To bring into close association or connection.

BIOASSAY LABORATIES: Measurement of the concentration or potency of a substance by its effect on living cells or tissue.

NEUROLOGY: The branch of medicine or biology that deals with the anatomy, functions, and organic disorder of nerves and the nervous system.

OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY: OB is short for obstetrics or for an obstetrician, a physician who delivers babies. GYN is short for gynecology or for a gynecologist, a physician who specializes in treating diseases of the female reproductive organs.

ONCOLOGY: The study and treatment of tumors.

ORTHOPEDIC: The branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.

Reviews

There are no reviews yet.

Only logged in customers who have purchased this product may leave a review.

Related products